胡卓伟的个人简介
胡卓伟，中国医学科学院协和医科大学特聘教授、中南大学客座教授。个人简介
胡卓伟，1982年毕业于湖南医科大学（现中南大学湘雅医学院)硕士研究班,随后留校从事临床工作。1985年到美国加州大学作博士后访问学者。1986年进入斯坦福大学继续临床药理博士后研究。1992年获斯坦福大学分子细胞生理学专业博士学位。从1992年起在斯坦福大学医学院工作期间历任研究科学家、高级科学家、高级副研究员和高级研究员，并从1985年起担任美国辉瑞制药公司临床前研究顾问多年。现为中国医学科学院药物研究所研究研究员，博士生导师，中国医学科学院协和医科大学特聘教授、中南大学客座教授。国家人事部2003年度高层次留学人才回国资助人员。
目前主要从事的研究领域
我们的研究领域包括免疫生物学和免疫药理、心血管生物学和心血管药理、分子细胞生物学和蛋白质组学、受体和信号传导通道的调节机制。本研究室的长期研究目标是研究许多严重威胁公众健康和生命的疾病机制，在深入了解疾病发生发展机制的基础上，开发能够预防和治疗这些疾病的药物。
免疫反应包括先天性免疫反应和获得性免疫反应。先天免疫系统是人体对内源性和外源性致病原产生免疫应答和急性炎症反应的第一道防线。先天免疫系统主要由补体、多形核细胞、天然杀伤细胞(NK)树突状细胞(DC)等组成。获得免疫系统主要由白细胞和淋巴细胞介导，包括体液免疫反应和细胞免疫反应。体液免疫反应由B淋巴细胞分泌的抗体介导，细胞免疫由T淋巴细胞分泌的细胞因子介导。T细胞包括细胞毒Ｔ(Tc)、帮助Ｔ(Th)和调节Ｔ(Treg)细胞。先天性免疫系统的几个成分通过不同的机制促使抗原提呈细胞特别是树突状细胞(DC)成熟，决定了获得性免疫系统中B淋巴细胞发育和T淋巴细胞分泌的Th1、Th2细胞因子的极化方向。获得性免疫反应的Th1或Th2细胞因子极化方向改变是许多疾病例如组织纤维化和组织重构的关键因素。目前,我们的研究方向包括具有抗原呈递功能的DC细胞和NK细胞之间的相互作用；DC细胞和T细胞之间的相互作用特别是DC细胞发育成熟及活性是如何决定Th1,Th2和调节性T细胞(Treg)发育方向。
组织纤维化是多种严重威胁人类健康疾病的基本病理改变，累及人体几乎所有器官和系统，是许多疾病致残、致死的主要原因。目前没有有效治疗组织纤维化疾病的药物。我们正在使用不同的组织纤维化动物模型和细胞模型，从免疫学角度研究组织纤维化发生和发展的病原生物学和病理生理学机制。我们的目的是在深入理解纤维增生性疾病分子机制基础上，开发抗组织纤维化药物。因此，本课题具有重要的理论和实际意义。
心血管疾病严重危害人类的健康。全世界许多国家心血管疾病都是威胁人类健康的“第一杀手”，每年有一千七百万人（1/3全球死亡率）死于心血管疾病。我们的研究方向包括研究心血管疾病的病原学和病理机制；心血管疾病发病过程中的信号传导机制，特别是G蛋白偶合受体和生长因子受体介导的细胞生物学反应中的信号传导机制和真核基因表达调控机制。在此基础上，发现治疗心血管疾病的新药靶，开发治疗心血管疾病药物。
目前出版的教科书和专著
1. Hu ZW: Drugs and Cardiovascular System. in Clive Page et al.(eds.) Integrated Pharmacology: Basic Science to Therapeutics. The Second Edition, 2002, Mosby, London.
2. Hu ZW: 新药发现和筛选的药靶选择. 刘刚等编著：寻找新药中的组合化学（Combinatorial Chemistry for Drug Lead Discovery and Optimization）. 北京：科学出版社, 2003
3. Hu ZW and Lin RZ: Drugs and the Blood. in Clive Page et al.(eds.) Integrated Pharmacology: Basic Science to Therapeutics. 1997, Mosby, London.
4. Lin RZ and Hu ZW: Therapeutics of Hematological Disorders. in Carruthers SG et al.(eds.) Melmon & Morrelliu2019s Clinical Pharmacology: The principles and practical application of therapeutics. The Fourth Edition, 2000, McGraw-Hill, New York.
5. Hu ZW and Hoffman BB: Nuclear run-on assays for measurement of adrenergic receptor transcription rate. in Machida (ed.) Adrenergic Receptor Protocols. The Methods in Molecular Biology (series editor: John Walker), 1999, Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey.
目前发表的代表性论文
[1]. Hu ZW, Kerb R, Shi XY, Wei-Lavery T, Hoffman BB: Angiotensin II increases expression of cyclooxygenase-2: implications for the function of vascular smooth muscle cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002, 303:563-573.
[2]. Hoffman BB and Hu ZW: Alpha(1)-adrenoceptors (alpha(1)-AR) and vascular smooth muscle cell growth. Prostate Suppl. 2000, 9:29-33.
[3]. Hu ZW, Shi XY, Lin ZR, and Hoffman BB: Alpha1-Adrenergic Receptor Stimulation of Mitogenesis in Human VSMCs: Role of Tyrosine Protein Kinases and Calcium in Activation of MAP Kinase. J. Pharmacol. Exper. Ther. 1999, 290:28-37
[4]. Chen J, Lin RZ, Hu Z-W, and Hoffman BB: Alpha1-Adrenergic receptor activation of c-fos expression in transfected rat-1 fibroblasts: role of Ca2+. J. Pharmacol. Exper Ther. 1999, 289:1376-1384.
[5]. Hu ZW, Shi XY, Lin ZR, and Hoffman BB: Differential Signaling Pathways Mediate Alpha1 AR Subtype Activation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase in transfected NIH3T3 Cells. Role of Gbeta/gama subunits. Mol. Endocrol. 1999, 13:3-14
[6]. Hu ZW, Shi XY, and Hoffman BB: Doxazosin inhibits proliferation and migration of human vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 1998, 31:833-839
[7]. Lin RZ, Chen J, Hu ZW, and Hoffman BB: Phosphorylation of the cAMP response element binding protein and activation of transcription by alpha1 adrenergic receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 1998, 273:30033-30038
[8]. Lin RZ, Hu ZW, Chin JH, and Hoffman BB: Heat shock activates c-Src tyrosine kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in NIH3T3 fibroblasts. J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272:31196-31202
[9]. Okazaki M, Hu ZW, Fujinaga M, and Hoffman BB: Alpha1 adrenergic receptor activation of protooncogene expression in arterial smooth muscle: regulation by NO and vascular injury. Rec. Sign. Trans. 1996, 6:165-178
[10]. Hu ZW, Shi XY, and Hoffman BB: Insulin and insulin-like growth factor I differentially induce alpha1 adrenergic receptor subtype expression in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Clin. Invest. 1996, 98:1826-1834.
[11]. Hu ZW, Shi XY, Lin RZ, and Hoffman BB: Alpha1 adrenergic receptors activate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in human vascular smooth muscle cells: roles in mitogenesis. J. Biol.Chem. 1996,271:9887-92
[12]. Chin JH, Okazaki M, Hu ZW, Miller JW, and Hoffman BB: Stimulation of alpha1 ARs induces transcription activation of heat shock protein 70 gene by enhancement of heat shock protein transcription factor in rat aortic smooth muscle. J. Clin. Invest. 1996, 97:2316-2323
[13]. Chin JH, Okazaki M, Frazier JS, Hu ZW, and Hoffman BB: Impaired cAMP-mediated gene expression and decreased cAMP response element binding protein in senescent fibroblasts. Am. J. Physiol. 1996, 271:C362-C371
[14]. Thomas JM, Frazier JS, Hu ZW, and Hoffman BB: Phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding protein and induction of c-fos gene expression upon withdrawal from chronic treatment with carbachol in NG108-15 cells. Mol. Pharmacol. 1995, 48:593-600
[15]. Fujinaga M, Hu ZW, Okazaki M, Baden JM and Hoffman BB: Expression of mRNA for alpha1 ARs subtypes at the beginning of neurulation in rat embryos. Teratology 1995, 9:601-6
[16]. Hu ZW, Shi XY, Okazaki M and Hoffman BB: Angiotensin II induces transcription and expression of α1-adrenergic receptors in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Am. J. Physiol. 1995, 268:H1006-H1014
[17]. Okazaki M, Hu ZW, Fujinaga M, and Hoffman BB: Alpha1 adrenergic receptor-induced c-fos gene expression in rat aorta and cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Clin. Invest. 1994, 94:210-218.
[18]. Hu ZW and Hoffman BB: Cycloheximide activates transcription of alpha1B AR gene expression in DDT1 MF-2 smooth muscle cells. Mol. Pharmacol. 1993, 44:1105-1112
[19]. Hu ZW, Shi XY, Sakaue M, and Hoffman BB: prolonged activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters induces transcription and expression of the alpha1B-AR gene in DDT1 MF2 cells. J. Biol.Chem.1993,268:3390-95
[20]. Hu ZW, Miller J W, and Hoffman BB: Induction of enhanced release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor following prolonged exposure to alpha adrenergic agonists: role in desensitization of smooth muscle contraction. J. Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1994, 23:337-343
[21]. Hu ZW, Arzha S, and Hoffman BB: Prolonged activation of alpha 1 adrenergic receptors resulted in down-regulation of protein kinase C in rat aortic smooth muscle. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 1992, 20:982-989
[22]. Hu ZW, Honda K, Murad F, and Hoffman BB: Prolonged exposure to catecholamines enhances sensitivity of SM relaxation induced by sodium nitroprusside and atrioptin. J. Pharmacol. Exp.Ther. 1992, 260:756-61
[23]. Hu ZW, Billingham M, Tuck M, and Hoffman BB: Captopril Improves hypertension and cardiomyopathy in rats with pheochromocytoma. Hypertension 1990; 15:210-215
[24]. Hu ZW. Effect of nifedipine on platelet function. Chung Hua Hsin Hsueh Kuan Ping Tsa Chih 1986, 14:145-146
[25]. Hu ZW. Abnormalities of myocardial lipid metabolism and advances of drug intervention in acute myocardial ischemia. Sheng Li Ko Hsueh Chin Chan 1984, 15:35-40
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